Hard Fork
Non-backward-compatible blockchain upgrade yang split chain jadi dua jika tidak universal adoption.
Penjelasan
Sobat Kripto, hard fork adalah major blockchain upgrade yang break backward compatibility. Node yang tidak upgrade kontinue pakai old rule, yang upgrade pakai new rule. Kalau split persisten, chain split jadi dua coin terpisah. Famous: Bitcoin Cash hard fork dari Bitcoin (2017), Ethereum Classic dari Ethereum (2016 The DAO fork). Major event di crypto history.
Cara Kerja
Developer propose changes via BIP atau EIP. Activation date set. Kalau majority node dan miner upgrade pada activation: smooth transition. Kalau split (some upgrade, some don't): two chains created. Two coins exist (original + new). User hold both coins after fork (technically: free new coin saat fork).
Famous Hard Forks
Bitcoin Cash (Aug 2017): hard fork dari Bitcoin atas big block debate. BCH adalah separate coin sejak. Ethereum Classic (Jul 2016): fork setelah The DAO hack dengan rollback. ETH (new chain) vs ETC (original chain, no rollback). Berkeley fork, SegWit2x (failed): historical events. Hard fork = political event di crypto, often controversial.
Untuk Sobat Kripto
Saat hard fork upcoming, Sobat Kripto hold crypto di address Sobat Kripto kontrol akan auto-receive new coin. Di exchange: tergantung exchange policy (sometimes credit new coin, sometimes not). Hard fork rare, major event. Pemula: paham concept, jangan FOMO speculate hard fork outcome. Original chain often retain mayority value.